Jaishankar Prasad

Biography

Jaishankar Prasad (1889–1937) was one of the foremost poets, playwrights, and novelists of modern Hindi literature, regarded as a leading figure of the Chhayavaad (neo-romantic) movement. His works combined romanticism, nationalism, and spiritual introspection, laying the foundation for modern Hindi literary expression.

🌿 Early Life and Education

Jaishankar Prasad was born on January 30, 1889, in Kasara, Bihar, into a family of scholars. He showed an early interest in literature, philosophy, and classical Indian texts, and pursued higher education in Hindi and Sanskrit. His literary sensibilities were shaped by exposure to Indian epics, mythology, and nationalist ideas.

✍️ Literary Career

Prasad was a multifaceted writer, producing poetry, plays, novels, and essays. He is best remembered for his romantic poetry and historical plays, which combined lyrical beauty with intellectual depth.

Major Works:

Poetry Collections:

Kamayani (1936) — an epic poem exploring human emotions, philosophy, and mythology, considered his magnum opus

Mrigtrishna (1920)

Ansu (1932)

Plays:

Skanda Gupta (1929)

Chandragupta (1931)

Rani Karnavati (1932)

Novels and Essays:

Chitralekha (1934) — a philosophical novel exploring desire, morality, and human nature

🌺 Themes and Style

Jaishankar Prasad’s works reflect:

Romanticism and Chhayavaad ideals — focus on emotion, nature, and personal expression

Historical and nationalist consciousness — highlighting Indian heroism and moral values

Spiritual and philosophical exploration — examining human nature, destiny, and ethical dilemmas

Lyrical and symbolic language — rich imagery and poetic rhythm

His writing is characterized by elegant diction, emotional intensity, and profound reflections on life and history.

🕊️ Legacy

Jaishankar Prasad passed away on November 15, 1937, but his contributions to Hindi literature remain immense and enduring. Kamayani is considered a landmark in Hindi poetry, and his plays and novels continue to be studied and performed, shaping modern Hindi literary culture.

He is remembered as a visionary poet and dramatist, whose works bridged classical Indian thought with modern literary expression, inspiring generations of writers and readers alike.